How to Choose the Right Footwear for Common Foot Deformities

Don’t exacerbate foot-related issues with the wrong shoes. Dr. Terri, TFR's podiatrist, weighs in on where to start.

If someone says “bunion-friendly footwear” and your mind goes straight to the beige Dr. Scholl’s of yore, you’re not alone. Unfortunately, many of us don’t have particularly high sartorial standards for shoes that offer support and style. Bunions and hammertoes, both technically classified as deformities, can be a challenge when it comes to finding the right shoes to not only provide comfort but also support feet properly. Wearing the wrong footwear can be more detrimental than you might imagine. It can make these foot conditions worse, leading to pain, discomfort, and even worsening the deformities.

Thankfully, brands like TFR are evolving those comfort standards in footwear, but overall, the industry has a ways to go. Here are a few things you can look for in your next pair of shoes to avoid further foot discomfort.

STRUCTURAL DETAILS TO LOOK FOR WHEN CHOOSING SHOES FOR BUNIONS AND HAMMERTOES

Toe Box Width & Depth: Look for shoes with a wide and deep toe box. This is essential to prevent pressure on your bunion or the tops of hammertoes. A spacious toe box allows your toes to spread naturally and prevents rubbing, which can aggravate these conditions. Avoid shoes with pointed or narrow toe boxes, as they can crowd your toes and increase discomfort.

Soft, Flexible Upper: Shoes made from soft materials like leather, suede, or stretchy fabric are ideal because they can form to the shape of your foot, reducing friction and pressure on bony areas. Avoid stiff materials like hard leather or synthetic fabrics that do not give enough flexibility, especially around the toe area.

A Low, Stable Heel: A heel height of less than 1.5 inches to a maximum of 2 inches is recommended. High heels place excess pressure on the ball of the foot, which can worsen bunion pain and contribute to the development of hammertoes. Look for shoes with a stable base, preferably square, which provides better overall support, as a skinny heel can lead to foot imbalance and further strain on your toes.

Supportive Insoles & Cushioning: Shoes with built-in arch support or ability to accommodate orthotic insoles can help redistribute pressure on your feet, relieving strain on the bunion area and the affected hammertoes.Look for shoes with cushioned insoles that provide ample shock absorption to minimize the impact on the front of your foot.

Adjustability: Adjustable closures like laces, Velcro straps, or buckles can help accommodate swelling or changes in foot shape throughout the day. These closures also allow for a customizable fit, which can reduce pressure on specific parts of the foot.

Rocker Sole Technology: Shoes with a rocker bottom sole can be particularly beneficial for people with bunions or hammertoes. The curved sole helps to shift the weight away from the forefoot, reducing pressure on the toes and bunion area. However, these shoes may take some time to get used to, so start with short wear periods before gradually increasing use.

Breathability: Foot conditions like bunions and hammertoes are often accompanied by swelling and inflammation, so choosing shoes made from breathable materials is essential to keep your feet cool and comfortable. Shoes with moisture-wicking linings or mesh uppers can help reduce sweat and prevent irritation.

THE BEST TYPES OF SHOES TO ALLEVIATE FOOT PAIN

Athletic Shoes: Unsurprisingly, athletic shoes typically offer a combination of wide toe boxes, cushioning, rocker sole technology, and arch support. Look for running or walking shoes that have removable insoles, which allow you to insert custom orthotics if needed.

Casual Flats: Flats with low heels, soft uppers, and wide toe boxes can be great for daily wear. Opt for versions with cushioned footbeds and flexible materials that provide both comfort and style.

Orthopedic Shoes: Specifically designed for foot conditions like bunions and hammertoes, orthopedic shoes usually feature extra depth, width, and removable insoles, allowing you to insert custom orthotics. They are typically not fashion-forward, so most reserve them for a time when nothing else will do.

Sandals with Adjustable Straps: When it comes to summer wear, sandals with adjustable straps are a good choice. Look for models with multiple points of adjustment (across the forefoot, midfoot, and ankle) good arch support and soft footbeds to accommodate your foot shape without adding pressure to the bunions or toes.

Dress Shoes: Finding dress shoes that work with bunions and hammertoes can be challenging, but it's not impossible. Look for low-heeled styles with round or square toe boxes, made from soft materials. Avoid stilettos and other high-heeled shoes.

PODIATRIST-APPROVED TIPS FOR TRYING ON SHOES

1. Shop later in the day. Feet tend to swell throughout the day, so it's best to try on shoes in the afternoon or evening when your feet are at their largest.

2. Measure both feet. Sometimes one foot can be slightly larger than the other. Always fit your shoes to the larger foot.

3. Walk around. Walk around the store or at home (if buying online) to see how the shoes feel. There should be enough space to wiggle your toes, and the shoes should not press uncomfortably on your bunion or hammertoe.

THE RIGHT SHOES DO MORE THAN LOOK GREAT, THEY SUPPORT YOUR OVERALL PHYSICAL HEALTH

Choosing the right footwear when you have bunions or hammertoes can greatly impact your comfort and foot health. Prioritize shoes that offer ample space, cushioning, support, and adjustability to accommodate your unique foot structure. The right pair of shoes can prevent further complications and help alleviate the pain associated with these common foot conditions––and the perfect pair of shoes will do that and look great, too.